Review: Dynamics of Colloidal Structures under Physical Confinement
Sumeng Hu, Shiyao He, Jin Peng, Nannan Zhang, Caina Bai, Zhaojie Meng, Kejia Kang
Том 88 №6
71 просмотров;
Colloidal crystals have attracted significant attention in photonic devices, sensing materials, and smart soft matter due to their unique structural and functional properties. However, conventional self-assembly processes often suffer from limited structural controllability, difficulty in defect regulation, and insufficient fabrication efficiency. In recent years, physical confinement strategies have emerged as an effective approach for achieving efficient and ordered colloidal crystal assembly by regulating particle transport, nucleation, and crystal growth processes. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the dynamics of colloidal structures under physical confinement based on the framework of “confinement geometry–fabrication methods–research approaches–behavioral mechanisms”. Particular emphasis is placed on the effects of different confinement conditions on colloidal assembly processes, experimental characterization and theoretical simulation methods, as well as key mechanisms including entropy-driven ordering, kinetic–thermodynamic competition, nonequilibrium effects, and defect evolution. Finally, the unresolved challenges and future opportunities in this field are discussed, and emerging directions for further development are proposed.